Question

calcium is essential to tree growth. in 1990, the concentration of calcium in precipitation in chautauqua, new york, was 0.11 milligram per liter (mg/l). a random sample of 8 precipitation dates in 2018 results in the following data: 0.070, 0.108, 0.120, 0.262, 0.065, 0.234, 0.126, 0.087. a normal probability plot suggests the data could come from a population that is normally distributed. a boxplot does not show any outliers. does the sample evidence suggest that calcium concentrations have changed since 1990? use the α = 0.05 level of significance. h₀: μ = 0.11 h₁: μ ≠ 0.11 (type integers or decimals. do not round.) find the test statistic. t₀ = 0.92 (round to two decimal places as needed.) find the p - value. p - value = 0.386 (round to three decimal places as needed.) is there sufficient evidence that calcium concentrations have changed since 1990? since p - value comparison symbol α, action the null hypothesis and conclude that there conclusion sufficient evidence that the calcium level in rainwater has changed.

Explanation:

Step1: Compare P - value and significance level

We are given a significance level \(\alpha = 0.05\) and a P - value of \(0.386\).

Step2: Make a decision

Since \(P-\text{value}=0.386>0.05 = \alpha\), we fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Answer:

Since \(P-\text{value}> \alpha\), we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is not sufficient evidence that the calcium level in rainwater has changed.