Question

base your answer to question 3 on the passages below and your knowledge of social studies.
each state retains its sovereignty, freedom and independence, and every power, jurisdiction and right, which is not by this confederation expressly delegated to the united states, in congress assembled
source: article ii, articles of confederation
the powers not delegated to the united states by the constitution, nor prohibited by it or to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people
source: 10th amendment, us constitution

1. the purpose of each of these provisions is to
2. determine the division of power between state and central governments
3. create a process for allowing amendments
4. grant the central government power to control the states
5. limit the power of the executive branch

base your answers to questions 4 and 5 on the passages below and your knowledge of social studies.
rulers are as likely to use the power... for private purposes, and to the injury and oppression of those over whom they are placed, as individuals in a state of nature are to injure and oppress one another. it is therefore as proper that bounds (limits) should be set to their authority... the powers, rights and authority, granted to the general government by this constitution, are as complete, with respect to every object to which they extend, it reaches to every thing which concerns human happiness - life, liberty, and property are under its control. there is the same reason, therefore, that the exercise of power, in this case, should be restrained within proper limits...
source: the anti - federalist no. 84 on the lack of a bill of rights, brutus (anonymous), 1787
i go further, and affirm that bills of rights... are not only unnecessary in the proposed constitution, but would even be dangerous. they would contain various exceptions to powers which are not granted; and on this very account, would afford a colorable pretext (excuse) to claim more than were granted. for why declare that things shall not be done which there is no power to do? why for instance, should it be said, that the liberty of the press shall not be restrained, when no power is given to the government to restrain the press?....
source: federalist papers no. 84, alexander hamilton, 1788

1. which statement identifies a key difference between documents 1 and 2?
2. brutus argues that individual rights need more protection from the government, while hamilton argues that the constitution already protects those rights.
3. brutus argues that governments are likely to abuse their power, while hamilton argues that democratically elected governments can be trusted.
4. brutus argues that the government should not have power over peoples property, while hamilton argues that this control is necessary to ensure peace and prosperity.
5. brutus argues that the united states should reunite with britain, while hamilton argues that it should remain independent.
6. the debate depicted in the documents is most related to
7. the articles of confederation

Explanation:

For question 3: The first passage (from Articles of Confederation) shows states have sovereignty and only delegate some powers. The second passage (10th Amendment) shows powers not given to the central government or prohibited to states are reserved to states. This is about dividing power between state and central governments.
For question 4: Brutus (Document 1) says rulers can abuse power, so there should be limits (like a Bill of Rights). Hamilton (Document 2) says the Constitution's powers are general and a Bill of Rights could imply more powers (since it lists exceptions). So Brutus wants more protection for rights (as government can be bad), Hamilton says Constitution already protects rights.

Answer:

1. 1. determine the division of power between state and central governments
2. 1. Brutus argues that individual rights need more protection from the government, while Hamilton argues that the Constitution already protects those rights.