Question

the addition rule of probability can be defined as...
○ the probability of producing two or more heterozygous offspring.
○ the probability that either one of two mutually exclusive events will occur.
○ the probability that two or more independent events will both occur.
○ the probability that two or more independent events will both occur in the offspring of one set of parents.

Explanation:

Step1: Recall the addition rule of probability

The addition rule of probability is used for mutually - exclusive events. For two mutually exclusive events \(A\) and \(B\), \(P(A\cup B)=P(A)+P(B)\). It gives the probability that either one of two mutually exclusive events will occur.

Step2: Analyze each option

• Option 1: The probability that two or more independent events will both occur is calculated using the multiplication rule (\(P(A\cap B) = P(A)\times P(B)\) for independent events \(A\) and \(B\)).
• Option 2: Similar to option 1, the probability that two or more independent events will both occur is a multiplication - rule concept.
• Option 3: This is in line with the addition rule of probability for mutually exclusive events.
• Option 4: Producing two or more heterozygous offspring is a genetics problem that may involve probability rules (such as the binomial probability formula or Punnett - square - based probability calculations which are more complex than the simple addition rule).

Answer:

the probability that either one of two mutually exclusive events will occur.