Question

14 multiple choice 1 point
the strength of the attractive force between a valence electron and the nucleus is decreased by...
shielding.
blocking.
containing.
coverage.
15 multiple choice 1 point
based on the periodic trend, which element would have the smallest bonding atomic radius?
aluminum
chlorine
phosphorus
silicon
16 true or false 1 point
a nonbonding radius is the result of two atoms not colliding.
true
false

Explanation:

Question 14

In chemistry (a subfield of Natural Science), shielding refers to inner electrons reducing the nuclear attraction on valence electrons. Blocking, containing, and coverage are not relevant terms here. So the correct option is shielding.

In the periodic table, atomic radius decreases across a period (left to right) due to increasing effective nuclear charge. Aluminum (Al), Silicon (Si), Phosphorus (P), and Chlorine (Cl) are in the same period (period 3). Chlorine is the rightmost, so it has the smallest bonding atomic radius.

Nonbonding (van der Waals) radius is the distance between two non - bonded atoms (from different molecules) at their closest approach without colliding (due to electron - electron repulsion). So the statement "A nonbonding radius is the result of two atoms not colliding" is True.

Answer:

A. shielding (assuming the first option is labeled A, with text "shielding")

Question 15