Question

12 which of the following believed in non - violent means to achieving independence?
vinoba bhave
mohandas gandhi
babu ante
mustifa kemal

Explanation:

Mohandas Gandhi is widely known for his philosophy and practice of non - violent resistance (Satyagraha) as a means to achieve India's independence from British rule. Vinoba Bhave was a follower of Gandhi and also promoted non - violence but in different contexts like the Bhoodan movement. Baba Amte was a social activist but his main work was in areas like leprosy rehabilitation. Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk) was the founder of the Republic of Turkey and his methods were more about modernization and state - building through political and social reforms rather than non - violent means for independence (Turkey's situation was different as it was emerging from the Ottoman Empire).

Answer:

Mohandas Gandhi