Question

1. list three properties of acids, and give an example. (p. 2,3, 8)
2. list three properties of bases, and give an example. (p. 2,3, 8)
3. what does (aq) mean? (p. 2)
4. an acid with a ph of 2.0 has about how many more h+ ions as an acid with a ph of 5.0? (p. 3)
5. in the reaction below, label the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base. (p. 8/10)

Explanation:

Question 11 (Properties of Acids)

Acids have several characteristic properties. Three common ones are: 1) Acids taste sour (e.g., lemon juice contains citric acid and tastes sour). 2) Acids react with metals (like zinc) to produce hydrogen gas (e.g., $\ce{2HCl(aq) + Zn(s) -> ZnCl_{2}(aq) + H_{2}(g)}$). 3) Acids turn blue litmus paper red (e.g., hydrochloric acid solution will change blue litmus to red). An example of an acid is hydrochloric acid ($\ce{HCl}$), which is used in cleaning and industrial processes.

Bases have distinct properties. Three are: 1) Bases taste bitter (e.g., soap, which is basic, has a bitter taste). 2) Bases feel slippery (e.g., aqueous sodium hydroxide feels slippery to the touch). 3) Bases turn red litmus paper blue (e.g., sodium hydroxide solution changes red litmus to blue). An example of a base is sodium hydroxide ($\ce{NaOH}$), used in drain cleaners.

In chemical notation, the symbol (aq) stands for "aqueous," which means the substance is dissolved in water. For example, $\ce{NaCl(aq)}$ indicates that sodium chloride is dissolved in water to form a solution.

Answer:

Three properties of acids: 1. Taste sour (e.g., lemon juice with citric acid). 2. React with metals to produce $\ce{H_{2}}$ (e.g., $\ce{HCl + Zn -> ZnCl_{2} + H_{2}}$). 3. Turn blue litmus red (e.g., $\ce{HCl}$ solution). Example: Hydrochloric acid ($\ce{HCl}$).

Question 12 (Properties of Bases)