Question

which term names the process where particles are transported across a cell membrane using carrier proteins without any additional input energy?

osmosis

endocytosis

exocytosis

facilitated diffusion

Explanation:

Osmosis is water diffusion through a semipermeable membrane without carrier proteins. Endocytosis/exocytosis are active transport (require energy) using vesicles. Facilitated diffusion uses carrier proteins for passive transport (no energy, down concentration gradient).

Answer:

facilitated diffusion