Question

1. which term best identifies the type of weathering represented by a?

chemical glacial physical biological

1. which substance is represented by x on both sides of the flowchart?

potassium feldspar air water hydrochloric acid

1. which weathering process is most common in a hot, dry environment?

frost action carbonation abrasion hydrolysis

Explanation:

• Question 7:
• Chemical weathering involves substances reacting with rocks. In the flowchart, \(A\) shows \(X\) (water) combining with atmospheric gases to cause hydrolysis and carbonation, which are chemical reactions.
• Glacial weathering is related to glaciers moving and eroding rocks (not shown here).
• Physical weathering (like abrasion, frost action, exfoliation) doesn't involve chemical reactions with substances combining as in \(A\).
• Biological weathering is caused by living organisms (not indicated in \(A\)'s description).
• Question 8:
• Water (\(H_2O\)) is involved in hydrolysis (a chemical reaction with water), and in frost action (water expands when it freezes).
• Potassium feldspar is a mineral, not a substance that causes the processes like hydrolysis and frost action.
• Air doesn't directly cause hydrolysis (which needs water).
• Hydrochloric acid is not a common substance in these general weathering processes (carbonic acid is more relevant for carbonation).
• Question 9:
• Abrasion is common in hot, dry environments. For example, in deserts, wind - blown sand (impacts with other minerals, a form of abrasion) wears down rocks.
• Frost action requires water to freeze (not common in hot, dry areas).
• Carbonation requires water to form carbonic acid (less water available in hot, dry).
• Hydrolysis requires water (scarce in hot, dry).

Answer:

1. A. chemical
2. C. water
3. C. abrasion