9. which process below occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell?
a glycolysis
b electron transport chain
c krebs cycle
d photosynthesis
10. which of these is broken down during cellular respiration to obtain energy?
a adp
b glucose
c water
d carbon dioxide
11. which of the following processes produces the most atp?
a lactic acid fermentation
b glycolysis
c electron transport chain
d alcoholic fermentation
12. if a student wants to demonstrate cellular respiration in the presence of oxygen, what process should he expect to take place after glycolysis?
a photosynthesis
b lactic acid fermentation
c alcohol fermentation
d the krebs cycle
13. where can lactic acid fermentation be found to occur?
a in bread that is rising
b in any environment without oxygen
c in muscle cells
d in mitochondria
14. which of the following net reactions correctly summarizes aerobic cellular respiration?
a 6o₂ + c₆h₁₂o₆ → 6co₂ + 6h₂o + energy
b 6o₂ + c₆h₁₂o₆ + energy → 6co₂ + 6h₂o
c 6co₂ + 6h₂o → 6o₂ + c₆h₆o₆ + energy
d 6co₂ + 6h₂o + energy → 6o₂ + c₆h₁₂o₆
15. during which set of reactions is energy from glucose converted into atp?
a light independent reactions
b calvin cycle
c cellular respiration
d light dependent reactions
16. how do cells most directly utilize the energy needed to do cellular work?
a by breaking a phosphate bond in atp to form adp
b by using sunlight to create glucose
c by creating complex carbohydrates from glucose
d by creating enzymes that can be used in chemical reactions

Question

Accepted Answer

### Question 9
# Brief Explanations:
To solve this, we recall the locations of each process: Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm. The electron transport chain is in the mitochondria's inner membrane. The Krebs cycle is in the mitochondrial matrix. Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts (in plant cells). So glycolysis is the process in the cytoplasm.
# Answer:
A. glycolysis

### Question 10
# Brief Explanations:
Cellular respiration breaks down glucose to release energy. ADP is converted to ATP (not broken down for energy). Water and carbon dioxide are products (or reactants in photosynthesis), not broken down for energy in respiration. So glucose is broken down.
# Answer:
B. glucose

### Question 11
# Brief Explanations:
Lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation produce 2 ATP each. Glycolysis produces 2 ATP. The electron transport chain (ETC) in aerobic respiration produces the most ATP (around 32 - 34 ATP). So ETC produces the most ATP.
# Answer:
C. electron transport chain

### Question 12
# Brief Explanations:
After glycolysis, in aerobic conditions, the Krebs cycle (and then ETC) follows. Photosynthesis is for making glucose (not part of respiration after glycolysis). Lactic acid and alcohol fermentation are anaerobic. So the Krebs cycle is the next aerobic process after glycolysis.
# Answer:
D. the Krebs cycle

### Question 13
# Brief Explanations:
Lactic acid fermentation occurs in muscle cells during anaerobic conditions (when oxygen is low). Bread rising is alcoholic fermentation (yeast). It's not in any oxygen - free environment (specific to muscle or yeast, etc.), and not in mitochondria (fermentation is in cytoplasm). So it occurs in muscle cells.
# Answer:
C. in muscle cells

### Question 14
# Brief Explanations:
Aerobic cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy. The correct equation is $6O_2 + C_6H_{12}O_6 	o 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{Energy}$. Option B has energy as a reactant (wrong), C and D are photosynthesis - like (wrong, as respiration is the reverse of photosynthesis in terms of reactants/products).
# Answer:
A. $6O_2 + C_6H_{12}O_6 	o 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{Energy}$

### Question 15
# Brief Explanations:
Light - independent (Calvin cycle) and light - dependent reactions are part of photosynthesis (convert light energy to chemical energy in glucose, not directly ATP from glucose). Cellular respiration breaks down glucose to produce ATP. So during cellular respiration, energy from glucose is converted to ATP.
# Answer:
C. cellular respiration

### Question 16
# Brief Explanations:
Cells use energy by breaking the phosphate bond in ATP to form ADP (releasing energy). Using sunlight to make glucose is photosynthesis. Creating complex carbs from glucose stores energy. Enzymes speed up reactions but don't directly utilize energy for work. So breaking ATP's phosphate bond is how cells use energy.
# Answer:
A. by breaking a phosphate bond in ATP to form ADP

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