Question

which of the following can start a succession? lack of disturbance an out of control fire driving by a forest

Explanation:

Ecological succession is often initiated by disturbances. A lack of disturbance does not start succession. Driving by a forest is a minor, non - impactful action. An out - of - control fire is a significant disturbance that can clear an area (like removing existing vegetation), creating a new environment where succession (either primary if it's a completely new substrate after extreme fire effects or more likely secondary succession if soil etc. still has some remnants) can begin.

Answer:

an out of control fire