Question

which of the following processes is responsible for the atp made during fermentation?
o the electron transport chain
o substrate - level phosphorylation
o chemiosmosis
o aerobic respiration

Explanation:

Fermentation is an anaerobic process. The electron transport chain and chemiosmosis are part of aerobic respiration (which requires oxygen). Aerobic respiration is not involved in fermentation. Substrate - level phosphorylation occurs in glycolysis (the first stage of both aerobic respiration and fermentation). In fermentation, after glycolysis (which uses substrate - level phosphorylation to produce some ATP), the process continues to regenerate NAD+ without the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. So the ATP made during fermentation is from substrate - level phosphorylation which occurs in glycolysis (a part of the fermentation pathway as well in terms of the initial ATP - generating step).

Answer:

substrate - level phosphorylation