Question

1. which of the following is not an example of natural selection?

• a) giraffes with longer necks reaching higher leaves
• b) bears hibernating in winter
• c) peppered moths changing color population due to pollution
• d) antibiotic resistance in bacteria

1. after the trees became dark, which color of moths had a higher chance of survival?

• a) light - colored
• b) red - colored
• c) dark - colored
• d) blue - colored

Explanation:

Natural selection is the process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

• For question 4:
• Option A: Giraffes with longer necks reaching higher leaves is natural selection as it gives them a survival advantage (access to food).
• Option B: Bears hibernating in winter is a behavioral adaptation but not a result of natural selection acting on heritable traits in the context of differential survival and reproduction based on trait variation.
• Option C: Peppered moths changing color population due to pollution is natural selection (camouflage related to survival).
• Option D: Antibiotic resistance in bacteria is natural selection (bacteria with resistance survive antibiotic treatment).
• For question 5:
• After trees became dark (due to pollution), dark - colored moths had better camouflage from predators compared to light - colored moths. Red and blue - colored moths are not relevant in the classic peppered moth natural selection example.

Answer:

1. B. Bears hibernating in winter
2. C. Dark - colored