Question

1. which of the following correctly describes the process of transcription?

a. dna is copied to make a protein
b. rna is translated into amino acids
c. dna is copied to make rna
d. proteins are broken down into nucleic acids

1. which of the following would directly result in a change to the amino acid sequence of a protein?

a. a change in the temperature of the cell
b. a mutation in the promoter region of a gene
c. a substitution mutation in the coding region of a gene
d. an increase in the number of ribosomes in the cell

Explanation:

• Question 3:
• Transcription is the process where DNA is used as a template to synthesize RNA. Option a is incorrect as DNA is not directly copied to make a protein (that's translation). Option b is about translation. Option d is not related to transcription.
• Question 4:
• A substitution mutation in the coding region of a gene can change the codons, which in turn can change the amino - acid sequence of the protein. A change in cell temperature (a) mainly affects protein function (denaturation) but not the sequence. A mutation in the promoter region (b) affects gene expression (transcription initiation) but not the coding sequence. An increase in ribosome number (d) affects the rate of protein synthesis, not the sequence.

Answer:

1. C. DNA is copied to make RNA
2. C. A substitution mutation in the coding region of a gene