Question

which of the following correctly completes the following equation: nitrogenous base + sugar + phosphate group = a nucleotide b amino acid c enzyme d antibody question 14 (4 points) (01.02 mc) humans are able to produce 20 different amino acids, which have side chains with differing properties. how does the variation in amino acids side chains affect a cell? a it allows for a wide variety of proteins to be produced that will carry out a wide variety of functions b it causes the cell to produce a wider variety of proteins that all carry out the same function within the cell c it requires the cell to acquire more energy to accommodate a wider variety of chemical bonds among side chains d it results in individual proteins that can each carry out a wide variety of biochemical processes within the cell

Explanation:

• First question:
• A nucleotide is composed of a nitrogenous base, a sugar (either ribose or deoxyribose), and a phosphate group.
• An amino acid has an amino group (\(-NH_2\)), a carboxyl group (\(-COOH\)), and a side - chain (\(-R\)).
• An enzyme is a protein (or in some cases, RNA) that acts as a biological catalyst.
• An antibody is a protein (immunoglobulin) that binds to specific antigens.
• Second question:
• Proteins are made up of amino acids. The variety of side - chains in amino acids allows for different protein structures.
• Different protein structures lead to different functions. For example, enzymes (which are proteins) have specific active sites due to their amino - acid composition (including side - chains) that allow them to catalyze specific reactions.
• Option b is incorrect because different proteins (with different amino - acid sequences and side - chains) carry out different functions.
• Option c is incorrect as the energy requirement for protein synthesis is more related to the process of translation (involving ribosomes, tRNA, etc.) rather than just the side - chains.
• Option d is incorrect because a single protein has a specific function (e.g., hemoglobin transports oxygen, not a wide variety of biochemical processes in a non - specific way).

Answer:

First question: a. nucleotide
Second question: a. It allows for a wide variety of proteins to be produced that will carry out a wide variety of functions.