Question

1. where does transcription occur in the eukaryotic cells?
2. what is the function of mrna after transcription?
3. where does translation occur in the eukaryotic cells?
4. how is the mrna sequence decoded during translation?
5. what is the role of trna during translation?

Explanation:

1. Transcription in eukaryotic cells occurs in the nucleus. This is where DNA is located, and the process of making RNA from DNA (transcription) takes place.
2. After transcription, mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information (the code from DNA) from the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. It serves as a template for protein synthesis.
3. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm, specifically on the ribosomes. Ribosomes are the sites where the mRNA code is translated into a protein.
4. During translation, the mRNA sequence is decoded in groups of three nucleotides called codons. Each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid. The ribosome reads these codons one by one, and tRNA (transfer RNA) brings the appropriate amino acids to build the protein chain.
5. tRNA (transfer RNA) has an anticodon that is complementary to a codon on the mRNA. It binds to the mRNA codon and brings the corresponding amino acid to the ribosome. This way, tRNA helps in assembling the amino acids in the correct order to form a protein during translation.

Answer:

1. In the nucleus.
2. Carries genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.
3. In the cytoplasm, on the ribosomes.
4. In groups of three - nucleotide codons, with each codon corresponding to an amino acid.
5. Brings amino acids to the ribosome based on the mRNA codon (using its anticodon).