Question

what process is being shown?
how do you know?
molecules that move by simple
diffusion:
what type of protein is this?
in which direction will water move?
how do you know?
molecules that move by facilitated
diffusion:
t or f: transport involving vesicles
does not require energy.
the goal of diffusion is to reach

Explanation:

• What process is being shown? How do you know?
• The process shown is simple diffusion. In simple diffusion, molecules move directly through the phospholipid bilayer of the membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration (as indicated by the arrow). Small non - polar molecules like oxygen (\(O_2\)) and carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)) typically move by simple diffusion.
• In which direction will water move? How do you know?
• Water will move from the side with a higher water concentration (left side, as there are more water - like molecules represented by the small circles) to the side with a lower water concentration (right side). This is based on the principle of osmosis (a type of diffusion for water), where water moves down its concentration gradient.
• Molecules that move by simple diffusion:
• Small non - polar molecules such as \(O_2\), \(CO_2\), and lipid - soluble molecules (e.g., some steroids).
• Molecules that move by facilitated diffusion:
• Polar molecules (e.g., glucose) and ions (e.g., \(Na^+\), \(K^+\)). Facilitated diffusion requires transport proteins (channel or carrier proteins) to move molecules across the membrane down their concentration gradient.
• What type of protein is this?
• These are transport proteins. Specifically, they could be channel proteins (if they form a pore for molecules to pass through) or carrier proteins (if they bind to the molecule and change shape to transport it).
• T or F: Transport involving vesicles does not require energy.
• False. Vesicle - mediated transport (such as endocytosis and exocytosis) requires energy in the form of ATP. For example, in endocytosis, the cell membrane invaginates to form a vesicle around the material to be transported in, and this process is energy - dependent.
• The goal of diffusion is to reach:
• Equilibrium. Diffusion continues until the concentration of the diffusing substance is the same throughout the system (i.e., equilibrium is reached).

Answer:

• What process is being shown? How do you know?
• Simple diffusion. Molecules move through the lipid bilayer down their concentration gradient.
• In which direction will water move? How do you know?
• From left to right. Water moves down its concentration gradient (osmosis).
• Molecules that move by simple diffusion: \(O_2\), \(CO_2\), lipid - soluble molecules.
• Molecules that move by facilitated diffusion: Glucose, \(Na^+\), \(K^+\).
• What type of protein is this?
• Transport proteins (channel or carrier).
• T or F: Transport involving vesicles does not require energy.
• False.
• The goal of diffusion is to reach: Equilibrium.