Question

what did the ideas of john locke, baron de montesquieu, and jean jacques rousseau have in common?
a the philosophies challenged the traditional role of women.
b the philosophies inspired the american and french revolutions.
c the theories promoted fairness in the criminal justice system.
d the theories encouraged the establishment of absolute monarchs.

Explanation:

John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu, and Jean Jacques Rousseau were Enlightenment thinkers. Their ideas about natural rights, separation of powers (Montesquieu), and the social contract (Rousseau, Locke) inspired the American and French revolutions. The American Revolution was influenced by ideas of liberty and consent of the governed (Locke's social contract). The French Revolution was inspired by concepts like equality and the idea that power should not be absolute (counter to option D). These thinkers' main focus was not on women's roles (A) or criminal justice fairness (C) as their common, most impactful legacy.

Answer:

B. The philosophies inspired the American and French revolutions.