Question

1. what is the goal of society according to utilitarianism?
2. under socialism the means of production (farms, factories, railroads and other large businesses that produced and distributed goods) are owned and operated by whom?
3. what was the name for socialism that established communities in which all work was shared and all property was owned in common?

Explanation:

• Question 4: Utilitarianism emphasizes maximizing overall happiness. The core idea is that actions are right if they promote the greatest happiness for the greatest number. So, the goal of society in this context is centered around achieving this maximum happiness.
• Question 5: Socialism is an economic and political system where the means of production are not privately owned. Instead, they are owned and operated by the community as a whole (often represented by the government in a broader sense). This is a fundamental tenet of socialist ideology to ensure equitable distribution and control.
• Question 6: Utopian socialism aimed to create ideal communities. In these communities, the principles of shared work and common property ownership were key. It was a visionary form of socialism that sought to establish harmonious and just social orders through such community - building.

Answer:

• 4. The goal of society according to Utilitarianism is to achieve the greatest happiness for the greatest number.
• 5. Under socialism, the means of production are owned and operated by the community (or the public, often through the state as a representative).
• 6. The name for that type of socialism is Utopian socialism.