Question

a. what would be the genotype for individual ii-3?
b. what would be the genotype for individual ii-4?
c. could either individual ii-3 or ii-4 be homozygous dominant? why?

a: ff; b: ff; c: yes, the father (individual i-1) has a dominate allele to pass on to offspring.

a: ff; b: ff; c: no, the father (individual i-1) can only pass on a recessive allele (f).

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze Individual I-1's Genotype

Individual I-1 has genotype \( ff \), so it can only pass on the \( f \) allele.

Step2: Determine Genotypes of II-3 and II-4

Individuals II-3 and II-4 have the dominant phenotype (unfilled symbols), so they must have at least one \( F \) allele. Since they receive an \( f \) from I-1, their genotype must be \( Ff \).

Step3: Evaluate Homozygous Dominant Possibility

For a homozygous dominant genotype (\( FF \)), both alleles would need to be \( F \). But I-1 can only pass \( f \), so II-3 and II-4 can't be \( FF \); they must be \( Ff \).

Answer:

A: Ff; B: Ff; C: No, the father (individual I-1) can only pass on a recessive allele (f).