Question

1. what evidence do we have that evolution is still happening today?

Explanation:

• Antibiotic resistance in bacteria: Bacteria evolve quickly. When antibiotics are used, bacteria with mutations that make them resistant to the antibiotic survive and reproduce. For example, Staphylococcus aureus has developed resistance to many antibiotics over time. This shows that natural selection (a key mechanism of evolution) is acting on bacterial populations in real - time.
• Pesticide resistance in insects: Similar to bacteria, insects exposed to pesticides can develop resistance. Insects with genes that allow them to survive the pesticide treatment will pass those genes to their offspring. Over generations, the proportion of resistant insects in the population increases. This is an example of evolution in response to a human - made selective pressure.
• Changes in the peppered moth population: Before the Industrial Revolution, the light - colored form of the peppered moth (Biston betularia) was common in the UK as it was camouflaged on lichen - covered trees. During the Industrial Revolution, air pollution killed the lichens, and the trees became darker. The dark - colored form of the moth then became more common as it was better camouflaged. After pollution controls were introduced, the lichens returned, and the light - colored form became more prevalent again. This shows how a population can change in response to environmental changes, which is a form of evolution.

Answer:

Evidence that evolution is still happening today includes antibiotic resistance in bacteria (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus), pesticide resistance in insects, and changes in the peppered moth population in response to environmental (pollution - related) changes.