Question

using the diagram (top panel), what is the percentage similarity between the close relative and the distant relative?
(diagram content: sequence homology between species, similarity to human dna sequences for the opa1 region, with images of different organisms and a phylogenetic tree; multiple-choice options: 6.7%, 10%, 93.3%, 83%)
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Explanation:

Step1: Identify sequence lengths

The DNA sequences shown have 150 nucleotides (top panel text: "150-nucleotide sequence").

Step2: Find differences between relatives

The distant relative has 10 differences (top panel: "10 differences in 150 nucleotides"), close relative has 1 difference.

Step3: Calculate similarity for distant relative

Similarity = $\frac{150 - 10}{150} \times 100\% = 93.3\%$ (matches the option).

Answer:

93.3%