Question

unit 5 renaissance, reformation and scientific revolution

1. what role did the ruling families of italian city - states play in the renaissance?

a. the ruling families forced peasants to build statues and buildings in the city - states.
b. members of the ruling families pursued their own interests in the arts, literature, and science.
c. the ruling families gave financial support to artists, poets, scientists and scholars.
d. the ruling families built strong armies to keep outsiders from trading goods and exchanging ideas with their city states.

1. the age of great change marked by renewed interest in classical learning and the arts is called the:

a. reformation.
b. renaissance.
c. middle ages.
d. medieval enlightenment.

1. who assembled a library of greek and roman manuscripts, preserving the works of cicero, homer, and virgil?

a. francesco petrarch
b. francis bacon
c. thomas more
d. thomas cranmer

1. how did the message of the reformation spread through europe?

a. the printing press spread luthers writings through pamphlets and broadsheets.
b. church leaders allowed priests to post luthers theses on church doors to encourage debate.
c. lutheran missionaries carried his message to people throughout europe.
d. town councils that disapproved of the churchs wealth and worldliness encouraged acceptance of reformation ideas.

1. the purpose of the council of trent was to:

a. fight protestantism by rooting out heresy.
b. spread the catholic faith to distant lands.
c. translate the bible into the vernacular.
d. direct the reform of the catholic church.

1. why was copernicuss theory about the universe significant for the scientific revolution?

a. he was the first to state that earth moves around the sun.
b. he disproved galileos theory that the sun moves around earth.
c. he calculated that planets travel in an orbit called an ellipse.
d. he rejected church beliefs based on platos theory about the sun.

1. how was the scientific revolution inspired by the renaissance?

a. the renaissance spirit of inquiry led scientists to explore beyond ancient knowledge.
b. during the renaissance, the church was a patron of scientific research as well as the arts.
c. renaissance artists depicted human anatomy more realistically.
d. the renaissance discovery of perspective aided scientific research.

1. in the scientific method, a hypothesis is a:

a. possible explanation to be tested.
b. conclusion that should not be questioned.
c. truth that leads to understanding.
d. truth known at the start of an inquiry.

1. which idea differentiates the protestant doctrines of calvinism and lutheranism?

a. rejection of saints, indulgences
b. rejection of papal rule
c. belief in purgatory
d. belief in predestination

1. which is the best example of a theocracy?

a. a government run by religious leaders.
b. a government run by divine monarchs.
c. a government run by citizens of all religions.
d. a government run by elected representatives.

1. which of the following is an example of an abuse by the roman catholic church during the renaissance?

a. selling indulgences
b. printing the bible in the vernacular
c. reducing fees for marriages and baptisms
d. allowing monarchs to rule the church

1. what resulted from the peace of augsburg in 1555?

a. martin luther recanted his 95 theses.
b. the catholic church banned the sale of indulgences.
c. martin luther was excommunicated from the catholic church.
d. each german prince could decide the religion for his lands.

1. what triggered the events that resulted in the formation of the church of england?

a. henry viii wanted a divorce.
b. henry viii converted to lutheranism.
c. the pope would not end church corruption.
d. the pope rejected the act of supremacy.

Explanation:

1. The ruling families of Italian city - states gave financial support to artists, poets, scientists and scholars, which was crucial for the flourishing of the Renaissance.
2. The age of great change marked by renewed interest in classical learning and the arts is called the Renaissance.
3. Francesco Petrarch assembled a library of Greek and Roman manuscripts.
4. The printing press spread Luther's writings through pamphlets and broadsheets, facilitating the spread of the Reformation message.
5. The purpose of the Council of Trent was to direct the reform of the Catholic Church.
6. Copernicus was the first to state that Earth moves around the sun, which was a significant contribution to the Scientific Revolution.
7. The Renaissance spirit of inquiry led scientists to explore beyond ancient knowledge, inspiring the Scientific Revolution.
8. In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a possible explanation to be tested.
9. The belief in predestination differentiates the Protestant doctrines of Calvinism and Lutheranism.
10. A government run by religious leaders is the best example of a theocracy.
11. Selling indulgences was an abuse by the Roman Catholic Church during the Renaissance.
12. Each German prince could decide the religion for his lands as a result of the Peace of Augsburg in 1555.
13. Henry VIII wanted a divorce, which triggered the events that resulted in the formation of the Church of England.

Answer:

1. c. The ruling families gave financial support to artists, poets, scientists and scholars.
2. b. Renaissance.
3. a. Francesco Petrarch.
4. a. The printing press spread Luther's writings through pamphlets and broadsheets.
5. d. Direct the reform of the Catholic Church.
6. a. He was the first to state that Earth moves around the sun.
7. a. The Renaissance spirit of inquiry led scientists to explore beyond ancient knowledge.
8. a. possible explanation to be tested.
9. d. belief in predestination.
10. a. A government run by religious leaders.
11. a. selling indulgences.
12. d. Each German prince could decide the religion for his lands.
13. a. Henry VIII wanted a divorce.