Question

the text was written by an official who served for many years as a governor during the late ming dynasty in china
the way of shepherding the people involves no more than educating and nurturing them. by
urturing\ i mean construction and maintenance of irrigation works, encouragement of land reclamation, and patronage of community granaries. by \education\ i mean promoting civilized behavior, diligently managing public schools, and widely distributing classical texts. schools are the fountainheads of popular customs. if educational practice is correct, popular customs will be virtuous

• \on the duties of an official,\ chen hongmou

based on the excerpt, which statement describes the ming dynastys incorporation of confucianism?
it established a scholarly class of government bureaucrats.
it promoted filial piety among chinese families.
it constructed and maintained the great wall

Explanation:

The text emphasizes education (promoting civilized behavior, managing public schools, distributing classical texts). Confucianism values education for governance. Establishing a scholarly class of bureaucrats aligns with this as it requires educated individuals (from the educational focus in the text) to serve in government, which is a Confucian - influenced approach to governance. Filial piety (a Confucian value) isn't mentioned in the text. The Great Wall construction/maintenance (related to "nurturing" as per the text's definition of nurturing as irrigation, land reclamation, granaries) is not related to the incorporation of Confucianism as described in the text (which is more about the role of education in governance).

Answer:

It established a scholarly class of government bureaucrats.