Question

student guided notes
fertilizer and soil amendments

1. any material that supplies one or more of the chemical elements required for plant growth and increase soil fertility is called a...
2. primary macronutrients are those needed in the highest concentration and are most often supplemented for plant growth and health and include...
3. calcium, magnesium, and sulfur are ____ which are rarely deficient in soils but plants need in high concentrations however less than primary macronutrients.
4. nutrients that play supportive role in overall plant health and development that are needed in very small quantities are referred to as...
5. solubility is how readily nutrients dissolve in the soil water and taken up by plants and there are two types...

fertilizers release their nutrients so rapidly that plants may not be unable to take up all the available fertilizer
released by water penetration, weathering, or microbial action over a long period of time

1. the physical size of the fertilizer component applied to soil and has a direct influence how well and how evenly the fertilizer spreads is called...
2. how acidic or alkaline the soil is known as...
3. chemical properties of each form of fertilizer determine how long it takes that type to be ready for use by the plants and this is called the...
4. nitrogen fertilizer has four chemical forms including...
5. urea is the most complex chemical form of nitrogen fertilizer and goes through a three step breakdown process to become available to plants with the steps being...
6. materials added to soil to improve its physical properties like water retention, permeability, aeration, and structure are known as...
7. composts and similar materials, created from once living organisms, that are rich in organic matter and only contain small amounts of nutrients are called...
8. mined or man - made materials that act only as wedges in the soil to separate soil particles, increase soil porosity, and improve aeration are known as...

Explanation:

This set of questions is about fertilizer and soil amendments, which relates to the study of soil, plant nutrition, and agricultural practices. The subfield under Natural Science that best applies here is likely Environmental Sciences (or could also be related to Biology in terms of plant growth, but Environmental Sciences encompasses soil and agricultural aspects). The questions cover topics like fertilizer types, nutrient categories, soil properties, and soil amendments, all of which are key areas in Environmental Sciences (or related agricultural/soil science subfields within Natural Science).

Answer:

For question 1: Fertilizer
For question 2: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium
For question 3: Secondary macronutrients
For question 4: Micronutrients (or trace elements)
For question 5: (1) Soluble (quick - acting) fertilizers; (2) Slow - release (controlled - release) fertilizers
For question 6: Particle size (or fertilizer granule size)
For question 7: Soil pH
For question 8: Fertilizer availability (or nutrient availability time, or fertilizer release rate related to plant uptake time)
For question 9: Ammonium, Nitrate, Amide (urea), and Organic nitrogen forms (or specific forms like ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium sulfate, etc. depending on the curriculum)
For question 10: Urea → Ammonia (via urease enzyme) → Nitrite (via nitrifying bacteria) → Nitrate (via nitrifying bacteria, and then nitrate is taken up by plants)
For question 11: Soil amendments (or soil conditioners)
For question 12: Organic amendments (or organic matter amendments, or composts as a type of organic amendment)
For question 13: Inorganic amendments (or soil conditioners like gypsum, perlite, etc. that are mined or man - made and improve soil structure)