Question

3 ss.912.a.1.2, ss.912.a.3.6 (high)
select the belief or philosophy this excerpt from 1887 best supports.
\in bestowing charity, the main consideration should be to help those who will help themselves; to provide part of the means by which those who desire to improve may do so; to give those who desire to rise the aids by which they may rise; to assist, but rarely or never to do all. neither the individual nor the race is improved by almsgiving. those worthy of assistance, except in rare cases, seldom require assistance. the really valuable men of the race never do, except in cases of accident or sudden change. . . . he is the only true reformer who is as careful and as anxious not to aid the unworthy as he is to aid the worthy, and, perhaps, even more so, for in almsgiving more injury is probably done by rewarding vice than by relieving virtue. . . .\
a populism
b social darwinism
c nativism
d naturalism
4 ss.912.a.3.8 (moderate)
what describes the purpose of settlement houses?
a settlement houses served as headquarters for political machines to resolve disputes, receive requests for jobs, and award contracts for city services.
b settlement houses served as barracks to hold immigrants who were waiting for the results of their immigration hearings.
c settlerhent houses assisted exodusters relocating and settling in kansas.
d settlement houses provided services such as medical care, child care, and english classes for people in poor urban neighborhoods.

Explanation:

Question 3

The excerpt emphasizes helping those who help themselves, distinguishing between worthy and unworthy of aid, and the idea that almsgiving can harm by rewarding vice. Social Darwinism applies Darwin's "survival of the fittest" to society, advocating that the "fit" (worthy) should succeed and aid should be limited to avoid helping the "unfit." Populism focuses on people's rights against elites, Nativism on favoring native - born over immigrants, and Naturalism in literature/philosophy is about nature's influence, not this context. So the excerpt supports Social Darwinism.

Settlement houses (e.g., Hull House) aimed to help urban poor, especially immigrants, with services like medical care, child care, and English classes. Option A is about political machines (not settlement houses). Option B describes immigrant detention (not settlement houses). Option C is about Exodusters (settlement houses weren't for this specific group). So option D is correct.

Answer:

B. Social Darwinism

Question 4