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Question

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  1. find the probability $p(z < -0.31)$ using the standard normal distribution.

Explanation:

Step1: Recall Z-table use

To find \( P(z < -0.31) \), we use the standard normal (Z) table. The Z-table gives the cumulative probability for a given z - score. For a negative z - score \( z=-a \), the cumulative probability \( P(z < -a) \) is the same as the area to the left of \( -a \) in the standard normal curve.

Step2: Locate the value in Z - table

We look at the row corresponding to \( -0.3 \) and the column corresponding to \( 0.01 \) in the Z - table.
The value in the Z - table for \( z = - 0.31\) (row for - 0.3 and column for 0.01) is 0.3783.

Answer:

\( 0.3783 \)