Question

a sequence of three mrna nucleotides that specifies one amino acid.
a single - stranded nucleic acid that helps carry instructions for making proteins.
a chain of amino acids that folds to become a protein.
a dna sequence where rna polymerase binds to start transcription.
a structural and functional rna that is part of ribosomes and helps build proteins.
a three - nucleotide sequence on trna that pairs with an mrna codon.
the process of making an rna copy of a gene from dna.
a noncoding segment of a gene that is removed from rna before it leaves the nucleus.
small rna that brings the correct amino acid to the ribosome during protein assembly.
the rules that relate mrna codons to specific amino acids.
carries a copy of a gene’s instructions from the nucleus to the ribosome.
the enzyme that builds rna during transcription by reading the dna template.
coding segment of a gene that remains in the final mrna and codes for protein.
process where ribosomes read mrna codons to assemble a polypeptide.

Explanation:

• For the first set of blanks:
• A sequence of three mRNA nucleotides that specifies one amino acid is a codon.
• A single - stranded nucleic acid that helps carry instructions for making proteins is messenger RNA (mRNA).
• A chain of amino acids that folds to become a protein is a polypeptide.
• A DNA sequence where RNA polymerase binds to start transcription is a promoter.
• A structural and functional RNA that is part of ribosomes and helps build proteins is ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
• For the second set of blanks:
• A three - nucleotide sequence on tRNA that pairs with an mRNA codon is an anticodon.
• The process of making an RNA copy of a gene from DNA is transcription.
• A noncoding segment of a gene that is removed from RNA before it leaves the nucleus is an intron.
• Small RNA that brings the correct amino acid to the ribosome during protein assembly is transfer RNA (tRNA).
• The rules that relate mRNA codons to specific amino acids is the genetic code.
• For the third set of blanks:
• Carries a copy of a gene’s instructions from the nucleus to the ribosome is messenger RNA (mRNA).
• The enzyme that builds RNA during transcription by reading the DNA template is RNA polymerase.
• Coding segment of a gene that remains in the final mRNA and codes for protein is an exon.
• The process where ribosomes read mRNA codons to assemble a polypeptide is translation.

Answer:

1. codon, messenger RNA (mRNA), polypeptide, promoter, ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
2. anticodon, transcription, intron, transfer RNA (tRNA), genetic code
3. messenger RNA (mRNA), RNA polymerase, exon, translation