Question

select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
mutations can be categorized based on the kind of effect they have on an organism. blue eyes in humans are a result of a mutation in the oca2 gene, which controls the production of pigment melanin in the iris.
this mutation is an example of a mutation. such mutations have effect on an organism’s survival.

Explanation:

1. For the first blank: Mutations that don't harm or help survival (like eye color) are neutral mutations. So the first blank should be "neutral".
2. For the second blank: Neutral mutations have no significant (negligible, or no positive/negative) effect on survival since they don't confer an advantage or disadvantage for survival. So the effect is "no significant (or neutral)" (commonly, we say "no effect" or "neutral effect" in terms of survival advantage/disadvantage; more accurately, "a neutral" or "no significant" but in the context of mutation effects, neutral mutations have no effect on survival (neither beneficial nor harmful)).

Answer:

First blank: neutral
Second blank: no significant (or neutral, or no) (commonly, the standard answer for such questions is "neutral" for the first and "no" or "a neutral" or "no significant" but typically "no" or "a neutral" effect. But in many biology contexts, neutral mutations have "no effect" on survival (in terms of fitness advantage/disadvantage). So more precisely, first blank: neutral; second blank: no (or "a neutral" or "no significant").

(If we follow typical biology question answers: first drop - down: neutral; second drop - down: no (or "a neutral" or "no significant" but the most common is "no" or "a neutral" effect. However, in some textbooks, it's phrased as "neutral" mutation and "no effect" on survival.)