Question

select all the correct diagrams.

the diagrams below show the anatomy of the eye in four different animals. select the two that provide the best evidence of inheritance from a shared ancestor.

Explanation:

Identify homologous structures

To find evidence of inheritance from a shared ancestor, we look for homologous structures. Homologous structures share a similar basic anatomical plan, layout, and developmental origin, even if they serve slightly different functions or vary in size.

Analyze the four eye diagrams

• Top-left diagram: Shows a single-lens camera-type eye with a large lens, a surrounding retina layer, and nerve fibers exiting from the back. It has a distinct blue outer protective layer/cornea-like structure.
• Top-right diagram: Shows a compound eye consisting of multiple individual units (ommatidia), each with its own lens, retina, and nerve fiber. This is structurally completely different from the other three camera-type eyes.
• Bottom-left diagram: Shows a camera-type eye with a small lens, a retina, and nerve fibers exiting the back.
• Bottom-right diagram: Shows a camera-type eye with a medium-sized lens, a retina, and nerve fibers exiting the back.

Compare structural similarities

The top-left, bottom-left, and bottom-right diagrams all represent variations of a single-lens camera-type eye. However, we need to select the two that provide the best evidence of inheritance from a shared ancestor.
Looking closely at the anatomical details:

• The top-left and bottom-right diagrams share highly specific structural features: they both have the outer blue protective layer/cornea-like sheath surrounding the eyeball, a similarly shaped iris/ciliary body structure (the dark red/brown layer), a lens, a retina, and nerve fibers exiting through a similarly structured optic nerve canal.
• The bottom-left diagram lacks the outer blue protective layer/sheath and has a much simpler, smaller lens with a different relative proportion and layout.
• Therefore, the top-left and bottom-right diagrams share the most detailed, complex anatomical similarities (homologies), providing the strongest evidence of a close common evolutionary origin.

Answer:

• (A) Top-left diagram (large lens with blue outer sheath) (Correct answer)
• (B) Top-right diagram (compound eye with multiple lenses)
• (C) Bottom-left diagram (small lens without blue outer sheath)
• (D) Bottom-right diagram (medium lens with blue outer sheath) (Correct answer)