Question

section 7 review, continued

1. cellular respiration always releases —

a oxygen.
b carbon monoxide.
c energy.
d lactic acid.

1. during aerobic cellular respiration, one molecule of glucose is used to produce how many atp molecules?

a 2
b 8
c 36
d 40

1. which of the following correctly summarizes aerobic cellular respiration?

a ( 6 mathrm { o } _ { 2 } + mathrm { c } _ { 6 } mathrm { h } _ { 12 } mathrm { o } _ { 6 }
ightarrow 6 mathrm { co } _ { 2 } + 6 mathrm { h } _ { 2 } mathrm { o } + \text { energy } )
b ( 6 mathrm { o } _ { 2 } + mathrm { c } _ { 6 } mathrm { h } _ { 12 } mathrm { o } _ { 6 } + \text { energy }
ightarrow 6 mathrm { co } _ { 2 } + 6 mathrm { h } _ { 2 } mathrm { o } )
c ( 6 mathrm { co } _ { 2 } + 6 mathrm { h } _ { 2 } mathrm { o }
ightarrow 6 mathrm { o } _ { 2 } + mathrm { c } _ { 6 } mathrm { h } _ { 6 } mathrm { o } _ { 6 } + \text { energy } )
d ( 6 mathrm { co } _ { 2 } + 6 mathrm { h } _ { 2 } mathrm { o } + \text { energy }
ightarrow 6 mathrm { o } _ { 2 } + mathrm { c } _ { 6 } mathrm { h } _ { 12 } mathrm { o } _ { 6 } )

1. which of these is broken down during cellular respiration to release energy?

a food molecules
b adp
c water
d carbon dioxide

1. which of these occurs in the cytoplasm?

a glycolysis
b electron transport
c krebs cycle
d photosynthesis

1. lactic acid fermentation occurs in —

a bread that is rising.
b any environment without oxygen.
c muscle cells.
d mitochondria.

1. muscle soreness can be caused by —

a the krebs cycle.
b glycolysis.
c lactic acid fermentation.
d the calvin cycle.

1. when oxygen is present, what follows glycolysis?

a photosynthesis
b lactic acid fermentation
c alcohol fermentation
d the krebs cycle

Explanation:

• Question 9: Cellular respiration is a process that breaks down molecules to release energy. Oxygen is consumed (not released) in aerobic respiration. Carbon monoxide is not a product. Lactic acid is only produced in anaerobic lactic - acid fermentation. Energy (in the form of ATP) is always released.
• Question 10: In aerobic cellular respiration, one molecule of glucose is used to produce 36 ATP molecules. Glycolysis produces 2 ATP, but the total after the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain is 36.
• Question 11: The equation for aerobic cellular respiration is \(6O_{2}+C_{6}H_{12}O_{6}\to6CO_{2}+6H_{2}O + Energy\). Option B has energy on the wrong side (energy is a product). Options C and D are for photosynthesis (reverse of respiration).
• Question 12: Food molecules (like glucose) are broken down during cellular respiration to release energy. ADP is converted to ATP. Water and carbon dioxide are products.
• Question 13: Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm. The electron transport chain and Krebs cycle occur in the mitochondria. Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts (in plants).
• Question 14: Lactic acid fermentation occurs in muscle cells (when oxygen is limited). Bread rising is due to alcohol fermentation (by yeast). It doesn't occur in any oxygen - free environment (some environments may not have the necessary organisms). Mitochondria are for aerobic processes.
• Question 15: Muscle soreness is caused by lactic acid fermentation (when muscle cells switch to anaerobic respiration due to oxygen debt). The Krebs cycle is aerobic. Glycolysis itself doesn't cause soreness (the lactic acid from its anaerobic continuation does). The Calvin cycle is for photosynthesis.
• Question 16: When oxygen is present, after glycolysis, the Krebs cycle occurs (as part of aerobic respiration). Photosynthesis is a separate process. Lactic acid and alcohol fermentation are anaerobic.

Answer:

• 9. C
• 10. C
• 11. A
• 12. A
• 13. A
• 14. C
• 15. C
• 16. D