Question

1. a researcher wanted to find out how breast size affected male desire. to measure this, a woman of average attractiveness spent an hour each night at a nightclub for three consecutive nights. while there, she was instructed to look longingly at the dance floor. meanwhile, the researcher was hidden in the club and counted the number of times men approached the woman to dance. on the first night, the woman wore no latex inserts (she was a natural a cup). on the second night, she wore latex inserts to increase the size of her bust to a b cup. on the third night, her inserts were increased to a c cup. the woman was approached 13 times the night of the a cup, 19 times the night of the b cup, and 44 times the night of the c cup.independent variable: dependent variable:experimental group #1: experimental group #2:control group:6. researchers hypothesized that exercise could improve brain functioning. to test this, students took part in a 1-hour classroom lesson. after that, students were sorted into four groups, with each performing a post - lesson break. group one had a passive break where they listened to a story. group two had amoderately intense physical activity break. group three had a vigorously intense physical activity break, and group four received no break. a selective attention task was administered before and after the break for each of the four groups. results indicated significant improvement with thestory group and both exercise groups compared to the no - break group.independent variable: dependent variable:experimental group #1: experimental group #2:experimental group #3:control group:

Explanation:

• Independent Variable: The factor that is manipulated or changed by the researcher. In the first experiment, it's the type of break (passive, moderately intense, vigorously intense physical activity, no break). In the second experiment, it's the breast size (A, B, C cup).
• Dependent Variable: The outcome that is measured. In the first experiment, it's the benefit (performance in a post - lesson). In the second experiment, it's the number of times men approached the woman.
• Experimental Group: The group that receives the treatment or manipulation. In the first experiment, groups with different types of breaks (except no - break). In the second experiment, nights with different breast sizes (A, B, C cup nights).
• Control Group: The group that serves as a baseline. In the first experiment, the "no - break" group. In the second experiment, there is no traditional control group in the strict sense (but if we consider a natural state, maybe a night with no inserts could be a reference, but the problem doesn't clearly label it).
• Confounding Variable: A variable that can affect the outcome and is not controlled. In the first experiment, a potential confounding variable could be the students' prior physical fitness (if not accounted for). In the second experiment, the woman's behavior (if it changed unconsciously with breast size) could be a confounding variable.
• Ethical Consideration Violated: In the first experiment, if students were forced to do physical activity during breaks without proper consent (e.g., for those with health issues), it could violate ethical considerations.

Answer:

• Independent Variable:
• Experiment 1: Type of break (passive, moderately intense physical activity, vigorously intense physical activity, no break).
• Experiment 2: Breast size (A, B, C cup).
• Dependent Variable:
• Experiment 1: Performance in a post - lesson (benefit).
• Experiment 2: Number of times men approached the woman.
• Experimental Group:
• Experiment 1: Groups with passive, moderately intense, vigorously intense physical activity breaks.
• Experiment 2: Nights with A, B, C cup breast sizes.
• Control Group:
• Experiment 1: "No - break" group.
• Experiment 2: Not clearly defined (but could be considered as a night with no inserts if we assume a natural state reference).
• Confounding Variable:
• Experiment 1: Students' prior physical fitness.
• Experiment 2: Woman's behavior changes.
• Ethical Consideration Violated:
• Experiment 1: Forcing physical activity without proper consent (if applicable).