Question

recall that most sexually reproducing organisms, like humans, inherit half their genes from each parent. their body cells, called somatic cells, are diploid and contain two complete sets of chromosomes—one inherited from each parent. these two sets of chromosomes are homologous, meaning they contain chromosomes with the same genes in the same locations. but a chromosome from one parent may have a different allele, or version of a gene, than the other parent. for example, this model shows the 23 homologous pairs of chromosomes in a female human somatic cell. the gene for blood type is found on chromosome 9. this individual inherited the allele for blood type a from their mother and the allele for blood type b from their father. select the true statements. each chromosome in a homologous pair contains different genes. diploid cells contain one set of chromosomes inherited from each parent. each chromosome in a homologous pair comes from a different parent. within an organism, the same chromosomes are found in each somatic cell.

Explanation:

• First statement: Homologous chromosomes have the same genes in the same locations. So, the statement "Each chromosome in a homologous pair contains different genes" is false.
• Second statement: Diploid cells have two complete sets of chromosomes - one from each parent. So, the statement "Diploid cells contain one set of chromosomes inherited from each parent" is true.
• Third statement: Homologous chromosomes consist of one chromosome from the mother and one from the father. So, the statement "Each chromosome in a homologous pair comes from a different parent" is true.
• Fourth statement: Somatic cells are diploid and have the same set of chromosomes (except for sex - chromosomes in some cases, but in general for autosomes). So, the statement "Within an organism, the same chromosomes are found in each somatic cell" is true (assuming we are not talking about mutations which are rare and not the norm for the general cell - to - cell comparison in a healthy organism).

Answer:

• Second statement: Diploid cells contain one set of chromosomes inherited from each parent.
• Third statement: Each chromosome in a homologous pair comes from a different parent.
• Fourth statement: Within an organism, the same chromosomes are found in each somatic cell.