Question

question 40 (1 point)
road - spectrum antibiotics are valuable because they:
have no side effects
never lead to resistance
are active against many types of microbes
kill all pathogens quickly
question 41 (1 point)
antibiotics that affect bacterial membranes often cause side effects because:
they alter blood cells
they increase metabolism
they interfere with mitochondrial membranes
they affect hair follicles

Explanation:

• Question 40:
• Broad - spectrum antibiotics are defined as those that can act against a wide range of microorganisms.
• All antibiotics have side effects (so "Have no side effects" is wrong).
• Antibiotic resistance can develop against any antibiotic, including broad - spectrum ones (so "Never lead to resistance" is wrong).
• They do not kill all pathogens quickly (as they are not 100% effective instantaneously for all pathogens).
• Question 41:
• Bacterial membranes and mitochondrial membranes have some similarities in structure (e.g., phospholipid bilayer).
• Antibiotics that target bacterial membranes can also interfere with mitochondrial membranes in human cells (which have a similar membrane structure in some aspects), leading to side effects.
• There is no direct mechanism by which these antibiotics alter blood cells, increase metabolism, or affect hair follicles in a way that is related to their action on bacterial membranes.

Answer:

• Question 40: C. Are active against many types of microbes
• Question 41: C. They interfere with mitochondrial membranes