Question

question 37
the union of basal and fibroreticular laminae forms the
○ epithelial membrane.
○ serous membrane.
○ interstitial membrane.
○ basement membrane.

question 38
the ____ junction \glues\ the epidermis and dermis together and provides mechanical support for the epidermis.
○ gap
○ dermoepidermal
○ desmosome
○ integument

question 39
which of the following is an example of a serous membrane?
○ pleura
○ peritoneum
○ pericardium
○ all of these are examples of a serous membrane.

Explanation:

Question 37

To solve this, we recall the structure of cell layers. The basal lamina (from epithelial cells) and fibroreticular lamina (from connective tissue) combine to form the basement membrane. Epithelial membrane is a broader term, serous membrane is a type of epithelial membrane, and interstitial membrane is not the correct term here.

We analyze each option: Gap junctions allow communication, not adhesion. Dermoepidermal is not a standard junction term. Desmosomes (specifically hemidesmosomes, but desmosome - like junctions) anchor epidermis to dermis. Integument is the skin, not a junction. So the correct junction is desmosome (or the relevant anchoring junction, here desmosome - related, but the option is desmosome? Wait, actually, the dermoepidermal junction has hemidesmosomes, but among the options, desmosome is the cell - cell/ cell - matrix adhesion junction. Wait, the options: dermoepidermal is a region, not a junction. Gap is for communication. Integument is the skin. So desmosome (or the correct term, but among the options, desmosome is the adhesion junction. Wait, actually, the correct junction here is the hemidesmosome, but if the option is desmosome (maybe a simplification), or dermoepidermal? Wait, no, dermoepidermal is the junction between dermis and epidermis, but the term for the junction structure is desmosome (hemidesmosome). Wait, the options: "dermoepidermal" is the junction name? Wait, no, the dermoepidermal junction has structures like hemidesmosomes. But among the options, "desmosome" is the cell - cell adhesion, but here it's cell - matrix. Wait, maybe the question uses "desmosome" as a general term. Alternatively, maybe the correct answer is desmosome. Wait, let's re - check: The junction that glues epidermis and dermis: hemidesmosomes (a type of desmosome) anchor epidermis to dermis. So among the options, desmosome is the closest. Gap is wrong, dermoepidermal is the area, integument is the skin. So the correct option is desmosome? Wait, no, the option is "desmosome" or "dermoepidermal"? Wait, the options are gap, dermoepidermal, desmosome, integument. Dermoepidermal is the junction region, not the junction structure. So desmosome (specifically hemidesmosome, but desmosome is the option). So the answer is desmosome.

Serous membranes line body cavities. Pleura lines the thoracic cavity, peritoneum lines the abdominal cavity, and pericardium lines the heart cavity. All of these are serous membranes (pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial membranes). So the correct option is that all of these are examples.

Answer:

D. basement membrane

Question 38