Question

question 28
the identification function of the cell membrane is carried out by the:
○ cholesterol molecules
○ phospholipid molecules
○ glycoprotein molecules.
○ channel proteins.
question 29
tiny indentations of the plasma membrane that resemble caves are called:
○ mitochondria.
○ caveolae.
○ cisternae.
○ vesicles.
question 30
which organelles consist of vesicles that have pinched off from the golgi apparatus?
○ mitochondria
○ cilia
○ peroxisomes
○ lysosomes

Explanation:

Question 28

To determine the molecule responsible for the cell membrane's identification function, we analyze each option:

• Cholesterol molecules: Mainly regulate membrane fluidity, not identification.
• Phospholipid molecules: Form the membrane's basic structure (bilayer), not for identification.
• Glycoprotein molecules: Have carbohydrate chains that act as "markers" for cell recognition/identification.
• Channel proteins: Involved in transporting substances across the membrane, not identification.

So the correct option is the one with glycoprotein molecules.

To find the term for tiny plasma membrane indentations like caves:

• Mitochondria: Organelles for energy production, not membrane indentations.
• Caveolae: Defined as tiny cave - like indentations in the plasma membrane.
• Cisternae: Flattened sacs in organelles like the Golgi or ER, not membrane indentations.
• Vesicles: Membrane - bound sacs for transport, not indentations.

Thus, the correct option is the one with caveolae.

To identify organelles from Golgi - pinched vesicles:

• Mitochondria: Self - replicating, produce energy, not from Golgi vesicles.
• Cilia: Hair - like structures for movement, not from Golgi vesicles.
• Peroxisomes: Involved in lipid metabolism, not from Golgi vesicles.
• Lysosomes: Form from vesicles pinched off the Golgi apparatus, containing digestive enzymes.

So the correct option is the one with lysosomes.

Answer:

C. glycoprotein molecules (assuming the options are labeled A - D with A as cholesterol, B as phospholipid, C as glycoprotein, D as channel proteins; adjust label as per actual option numbering, but the text is "glycoprotein molecules")

Question 29