Question

question 16 of 32
penicillin interferes with __, causing bacteria to die from ____.
○ membrane synthesis; intact membranes
○ cell wall synthesis; swelling and rupturing of the cell
○ osmosis; dehydration (a lack of internal water)
○ cell division; old age
○ protein synthesis; an inability to make protein

Explanation:

Penicillin inhibits the enzyme transpeptidase, which is critical for cross-linking peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls. Without a functional cell wall, bacteria cannot withstand osmotic pressure, leading to water influx, swelling, and eventual cell rupture (lysis). Other options are incorrect: it does not target membranes, osmosis directly, cell division, or protein synthesis in this manner.

Answer:

cell wall synthesis; swelling and rupturing of the cell