Question

question 14 ch 17 null and alternative hypotheses always refer to a: population parameter. sample estimates. sample statistic. sampling distribution. question 15 ch 17* you use software to carry out a test of significance. the program tells you that the p - value is p = 0.008. you conclude that the probability, computed assuming that h0 is true, of the test statistic taking a value as extreme as or less extreme than that actually observed is 0.008. false, of the test statistic taking a value as extreme as or more extreme than that actually observed is 0.008. true, of the test statistic taking a value as extreme as or more extreme than that actually observed is 0.008.

Explanation:

• For Question 14: Null and alternative hypotheses are statements about population parameters. We use sample statistics to test these hypotheses, but the hypotheses themselves refer to population - level values.
• For Question 15: The P - value is the probability, assuming the null hypothesis ($H_0$) is true, of obtaining a test statistic as extreme or more extreme than the one actually observed.

Answer:

Question 14: A. population parameter.
Question 15: C. true, of the test statistic taking a value as extreme as or more extreme than that actually observed is 0.008.