Question

proteins are important biomolecules. proteins are synthesized and often packaged for secretion into other cells within an organism. a variety of organelles play a role in producing, packaging, and moving proteins. can you match the organelle with its function?

this organelle sorts and packages proteins.

protein assembly is completed here and proteins are readied for transport.

initial sequence of nitrogen bases that determine type of protein comes from this organelle.

this small package carries the protein to the cell membrane.

the site of protein synthesis.

Explanation:

• Nucleus: It contains the initial sequence of nitrogen bases (DNA) that determine the type of protein. DNA in the nucleus has the genetic code for protein synthesis.
• Ribosome: It is the site of protein synthesis. Ribosomes read the mRNA (messenger RNA, which is transcribed from DNA in the nucleus) and assemble amino acids into polypeptides (proteins).
• Endoplasmic reticulum: Protein assembly is completed here (for proteins that will be secreted or inserted into membranes). Proteins are folded and modified (e.g., addition of sugar groups in the case of glycoproteins) in the endoplasmic reticulum, and then they are readied for transport.
• Golgi apparatus: This organelle sorts and packages proteins. It modifies proteins further (e.g., more complex sugar - group additions), and then sorts them into vesicles based on their destination (e.g., for secretion, for use in the cell membrane).
• Vesicle: This small package carries the protein to the cell membrane (or other destinations). Vesicles bud off from the Golgi apparatus and transport the proteins to their final locations.

Answer:

• "Initial sequence of nitrogen bases that determine type of protein comes from this organelle": Nucleus
• "The site of protein synthesis": Ribosome
• "Protein assembly is completed here and proteins are readied for transport": Endoplasmic reticulum
• "This organelle sorts and packages proteins": Golgi apparatus
• "This small package carries the protein to the cell membrane": Vesicle