Question

photosynthesis and cellular respiration are complementary processes in the flow of energy through living systems. which statement best explains their interrelationship? photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in the same organelle and use the same reactants and products photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen, which are used in cellular respiration to generate atp, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide and water, which are used in photosynthesis. photosynthesis consumes oxygen and releases carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration consumes carbon dioxide and releases oxygen. photosynthesis and cellular respiration are identical processes that both produce glucose and atp for energy.

Explanation:

1. Analyze Option 1: Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, cellular respiration in mitochondria. They have different reactants (photosynthesis: \(CO_2\), \(H_2O\); respiration: glucose, \(O_2\)) and products, so this is wrong.
2. Analyze Option 2: Photosynthesis equation: \(6CO_2 + 6H_2O \xrightarrow{\text{light}} C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2\). Cellular respiration: \(C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2

ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP\). So photosynthesis produces glucose and \(O_2\) (used in respiration for ATP), and respiration produces \(CO_2\) and \(H_2O\) (used in photosynthesis). This matches their complementarity.

1. Analyze Option 3: Photosynthesis consumes \(CO_2\) and releases \(O_2\); respiration consumes \(O_2\) and releases \(CO_2\). This option reverses the gas exchange, so it's wrong.
2. Analyze Option 4: Photosynthesis makes glucose (stores energy), respiration breaks glucose to make ATP (uses energy). They are not identical, so this is wrong.

Answer:

B. Photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen, which are used in cellular respiration to generate ATP, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide and water, which are used in photosynthesis.