Question

net grain production is the difference between the amount of grain a country produces and the amount of grain its citizens consume. it is positive if the country produces more than it consumes, and negative if the country consumes more than it produces. the figure shows the net grain production of four countries in 1990 and projected for 2030. complete parts a through c
a. which of the four countries had to import grain to meet its needs in 1990?
a. india
b. china
c. u s
d. russia

Explanation:

To determine which country had to import grain in 1990, we analyze the net grain production bar graph. A negative net grain production (bar below the 0 line) means the country consumes more than it produces, so it needs to import.

• For the U.S. and Russia (1990, blue bars), the bars are above 0 (positive production, no import needed).
• For China (1990, blue bar), it's at 0 (balanced, no import).
• For India (1990, blue bar), it's below 0 (negative production, so India had to import. Wait, no—wait, the 1990 bars: U.S. (blue) above 0, China (blue) at 0, India (blue) below 0? Wait, no, looking at the graph: 1990 is blue. Let's recheck: The x - axis has U.S., China, India, Russia. 1990 (blue) for U.S.: above 0; China: at 0; India: below 0? Wait, no, the options: A. India, B. China, C. U.S, D. Russia. Wait, maybe I misread. Wait, the net grain production: if negative, consume more than produce (need to import). Let's look at 1990 (blue) bars:
• U.S.: blue bar above 0 (produces more, exports, no import).
• China: blue bar at 0 (balanced, no import).
• India: blue bar below 0? Wait, no, the India 1990 bar (blue) is below 0? Wait, the graph: y - axis is millions of tons. 0 is the middle. Below 0 is negative. So for 1990 (blue):
• U.S.: positive (above 0)
• China: 0
• India: negative (below 0)
• Russia: positive (above 0)? Wait, no, Russia's 1990 bar (blue) is above 0? Wait, the rightmost blue bar (Russia) is above 0? Wait, maybe I made a mistake. Wait, the question is which country had to import in 1990. Import means consume more than produce (net production negative). So we need the country with 1990 (blue) net production negative. Let's check the bars:
• U.S. (blue): above 0 (positive, no import)
• China (blue): at 0 (no import)
• India (blue): below 0 (negative, so import)
• Russia (blue): above 0 (positive, no import)

Wait, but the options: A is India. So the correct answer should be A. India? Wait, but maybe I misread the graph. Wait, maybe the 1990 bar for India is below 0. So the country with negative net grain production in 1990 (needs to import) is India. So option A. India.

Answer:

A. India