Question

name tyson lively
lesson 4: what is blood?
read the article \what is blood?\ on pages 163-164 in student book

1. what does the blood carry to the parts of the body?
2. what are the 3 main parts the blood is made of? fill in the diagram below.

percentages of the volume
of this sample of blood
about 55%
about 1%
about 44%
this part is about 92%
7% of it is
1% is and
and

1. why is the shape of the red blood cells helpful?
2. what is the function (job) of the red blood cells?
3. what is the function (job) of white blood cells?

1. what is the function (job) of platelets?
2. how do platelets form a blood clot?

1. label the microscopic image

how which part is
blood cells,
a, and
blood cells.

Explanation:

To answer these questions, we refer to biological knowledge about blood components and their functions.

• Q2: Blood has 3 main parts: Plasma (liquid, ~55% volume, 92% water, 7% proteins, 1% other solutes like nutrients, hormones), White Blood Cells (WBCs) and Platelets (together ~1% volume), Red Blood Cells (RBCs, ~44% volume).
• Q9: Red blood cells are biconcave discs, which increases surface area for gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide) and allows them to flex through narrow capillaries.
• Q10: Red blood cells (RBCs) carry oxygen from the lungs to body tissues and transport carbon dioxide from tissues back to the lungs.
• Q11: White blood cells (WBCs) defend the body against infections (bacteria, viruses, etc.) and foreign invaders; they can engulf pathogens (phagocytosis) or produce antibodies.
• Q12: Platelets help in blood clotting (hemostasis) – they stick to damaged blood vessel walls, aggregate, and form a plug to stop bleeding.
• Q13: When a blood vessel is damaged, platelets are activated. They adhere to the damaged area, release chemicals to attract more platelets, and form a platelet plug. Then, with clotting factors, they help form a fibrin clot to seal the wound.
• Q16: In a microscopic blood image, RBCs are the numerous, biconcave, red - colored cells (no nucleus in mature ones), WBCs are larger with a nucleus (fewer in number), and Plasma is the liquid background (though not a cell, it's the matrix). Platelets are small, cell - like fragments.

Answer:

Question 2:

• Top (55%): Plasma (92% water, 7% proteins, 1% nutrients/hormones/other solutes)
• Middle (1%): White Blood Cells and Platelets
• Bottom (44%): Red Blood Cells

Question 9:

The biconcave disc shape of red blood cells increases their surface area, which is helpful for efficient gas (oxygen and carbon dioxide) exchange. It also allows them to be flexible enough to pass through narrow capillaries.

Question 10:

The function of red blood cells is to transport oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and to transport carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs.

Question 11:

White blood cells function to defend the body against infections. They can engulf and destroy pathogens (phagocytosis), produce antibodies, and help in the immune response.

Question 12:

The function of platelets is to help in blood clotting (hemostasis). They form a plug at the site of a damaged blood vessel to stop bleeding.

Question 13:

When a blood vessel is damaged, platelets adhere to the damaged area. They then release chemicals that attract more platelets, causing them to aggregate and form a platelet plug. Along with clotting factors, they help form a fibrin clot that seals the wound and stops bleeding.

Question 16:

• Red Blood Cells: The numerous, small, biconcave - shaped cells[SSE Completed, Client Connection Error][LLM SSE On Failure]