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in glucose metabolism, what happens to the energy that is not transferred to atp?
it becomes mechanical energy.
it is released as heat.
it is destroyed.
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In glucose metabolism, energy transfer to ATP is not 100% efficient. The energy not used for ATP synthesis is released as heat (due to the second law of thermodynamics, energy transformations are inefficient and some energy is lost as heat). Mechanical energy is from ATP - driven work, and energy can't be destroyed (law of conservation of energy). So the correct option is the one stating it is released as heat.
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It is released as heat.