Question

molecular pumps (protein, calcium, potassium and sodium) *
active transport
passive transport
endocytosis *

Explanation:

Molecular pumps (like those for calcium, potassium, sodium) require energy (usually ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradient. Active transport uses energy (e.g., from ATP hydrolysis) to move molecules or ions across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient. Passive transport (e.g., diffusion, facilitated diffusion) does not require energy and moves substances down their concentration gradient. Endocytosis is a different process where the cell membrane engulfs substances to bring them into the cell (not related to the molecular pump - type transport shown in the first part of the image).

Answer:

Active Transport