1. the model shows the chemical structure of a molecule this molecule is a building block of which type of biomolecule? a. carbohydrate b. protein c. lipid d. nucleic acid 2. carbohydrates are also known as saccharides. the word saccharide is a term derived from the greek word sakcharon, meaning sugar. though not all carbohydrates are sweet, many simple sugars, or monosaccharides, are sweet to the taste. the model shows the chemical structure of a monosaccharide called glucose. glucose has a 6 - atom ring shape. this means it has 6 atoms arranged in a hexagon, and each of those 6 atoms bonds with other atoms. in glucose, the 6 - atom ring is formed by one oxygen atom and 5 carbon atoms. but like in the model, people dont always label the carbon atoms. what is the chemical formula for glucose? c____h____o____ 3. when an animal must survive without food for an extended period, it will eventually break down proteins for energy. it will only do this if it has used up its a. nucleic acids & lipids b. lipids & carbohydrates c. lipids & proteins d. carbohydrates & nucleic acids 4. complex molecules (polymers) are broken down during cellular respiration and converted into smaller molecules (monomers) containing energy. what are these complex molecules called? a. proteins b. nucleic acids c. enzymes d. carbohydrates

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Accepted Answer

### 1.
# Brief Explanations:
The molecule shown has an amino group ($-NH_2$) and a carboxyl group ($-COOH$), which are characteristic of amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Carbohydrates have a general formula $C_nH_{2n}O_n$ and are made of monosaccharides. Lipids are non - polar and include fats, oils, etc. Nucleic acids are made of nucleotides (sugar + phosphate + nitrogenous base).
# Answer:
B. Protein

### 2.
# Brief Explanations:
By counting the atoms in the glucose structure:
- Carbon ($C$): There are 6 carbon atoms (from the 6 - atom ring which has 5 carbons in the ring and 1 in the $CH_2OH$ group).
- Hydrogen ($H$): Counting all the $H$ atoms in the structure gives 12.
- Oxygen ($O$): Counting all the $O$ atoms (in $OH$ groups and the ring oxygen) gives 6.
# Answer:
$C_6H_{12}O_6$

### 3.
# Brief Explanations:
Animals first use carbohydrates (e.g., glucose from glycogen breakdown) as an energy source. When carbohydrates are depleted, they use lipids (stored as fats). Only when lipids are also used up, they break down proteins for energy. Nucleic acids are not a primary energy source.
# Answer:
B. Lipids & Carbohydrates

### 4.
# Brief Explanations:
Carbohydrates (like starch, glycogen) are complex polymers (polysaccharides). During cellular respiration, they are broken down into monosaccharides (like glucose) which can be further metabolized to release energy. Proteins are broken down into amino acids (not the main energy - releasing monomers in cellular respiration). Nucleic acids are broken down into nucleotides (not for energy in this context). Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts, not the complex molecules broken down for energy in cellular respiration.
# Answer:
D. Carbohydrates

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