Question

mitosis worksheet & diagram identification

1. chromosomes move to the middle of the spindle during what phase?
2. what are sister chromatids? when do the separate?
3. during which phase do chromsomes first become visible?
4. in muclticellular organisms, the cell cycle produces groups of cells that perform the same function. what are these groups of cells called?

complete the table by checking the correct column for each statement.

1. cell growth occurs
2. nuclear division occurs
3. chromosomes are distributed equally to daughter cells.
4. protein production is high
5. chromosomes are duplicated
6. dna synthesis occurs
7. cytoplasm divides immediately after this period
8. mitochondria and other organelles are made.

Explanation:

1. In metaphase, chromosomes align at the cell's equator (middle of the spindle).
2. Sister chromatids are identical copies of a chromosome joined by a centromere. They separate in anaphase.
3. Chromosomes first become visible in prophase as chromatin condenses.
4. Groups of cells with the same function in multicellular organisms are called tissues.
5. Cell growth occurs in interphase (G1 and G2 phases).
6. Nuclear division (karyokinesis) occurs in mitosis (prophase - telophase).
7. Chromosome equal distribution to daughter cells happens in mitosis (anaphase).
8. High protein production occurs in interphase (G1 and G2 for growth - related proteins).
9. Chromosome duplication (DNA replication) occurs in interphase (S phase).
10. DNA synthesis (replication) occurs in interphase (S phase).
11. Cytoplasmic division (cytokinesis) occurs after mitosis (telophase).
12. Mitochondria and other organelles are made in interphase (G1 and G2 for organelle biogenesis).

Answer:

1. Metaphase
2. Sister chromatids are identical chromosome copies joined by a centromere. They separate in anaphase.
3. Prophase
4. Tissues
5. Interphase
6. Mitosis
7. Mitosis
8. Interphase
9. Interphase
10. Interphase
11. Mitosis
12. Interphase