Question

a material through which electric currents can flow freely is called a conductor. what makes a material a good conductor? it all depends on its atoms. a good conductors atoms have outer electrons that are not as tightly bound to the atoms nucleus as its inner electrons are; for this reason, the outer electrons can move easily within the material. metal atoms often fit this description, so metals, such as copper, tend to make excellent conductors. copper wires are often used in electrical systems, where youll notice that they are usually covered with plastic. plastic is a material known as an insulator. the electrons in a plastic or other insulator atom are tightly bound and thus cannot move easily. consequently, when a copper wire is wrapped in plastic, humans who touch the wire are protected from getting electric shocks.
match causes with their effects.
materials made up of these atoms are conductors. electric shocks are prevented.
materials made up of these atoms are insulators.
cause
some atoms contain outer electrons that are loose and can move.
some atoms contain electrons that are tightly bound and cannot move easily.
copper wire is wrapped in plastic.
effect

Explanation:

• For the first cause "Some atoms contain outer electrons that are loose and can move", according to the text, when atoms have outer electrons that can move easily (loose), the materials made of such atoms are conductors.
• For the second cause "Some atoms contain electrons that are tightly bound and cannot move easily", as per the text, materials made of atoms with tightly - bound electrons are insulators.
• For the third cause "Copper wire is wrapped in plastic", since plastic is an insulator (electrons are tightly bound and can't move easily), when copper wire (a conductor) is wrapped in plastic (an insulator), it prevents electric shocks.

Answer:

• Some atoms contain outer electrons that are loose and can move → Materials made up of these atoms are conductors.
• Some atoms contain electrons that are tightly bound and cannot move easily → Materials made up of these atoms are insulators.
• Copper wire is wrapped in plastic → Electric shocks are prevented.