Question

match the following analogy sentences to the type of mutation.
normal analogy:
the big fat cat ate the wet rat
analogy sentence\tmutation type
the big fat fat cat ate the wet rat\tselect choice
the igf atc ata tet hew etr at\tselect choice
the big zfa tca tat eth ewe tra\tselect choice
the big fat zat ate the wet rat\tselect choice
the big fat cat cat cat cat cat ate the wet rat\tselect choice
the big rat\tselect choice

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each analogy sentence by comparing it to the normal analogy ("THE BIG FAT CAT ATE THE WET RAT") and identify the mutation type (e.g., duplication, frameshift, insertion, substitution, expansion, deletion) based on changes:

1. "THE BIG FAT FAT CAT ATE THE WET RAT": The word "FAT" is duplicated (extra "FAT"). This matches Duplication (repeating a segment, like a gene duplication in DNA).
2. "THE IGF ATC ATA TET HEW ETR AT": The entire sequence is shifted (no clear word boundaries, frameshift from the start). This matches Frameshift Mutation (insertion/deletion of non - multiple of 3 nucleotides, shifting the reading frame, here the analogy’s "reading frame" of words is shifted).
3. "THE BIG ZFA TCA TAT ETH EWE TRA": Most words are altered, likely a Frameshift Mutation (large - scale shift, disrupting the original word sequence).
4. "THE BIG FAT ZAT ATE THE WET RAT": The word "CAT" is changed to "ZAT" (one word substituted). This matches Substitution Mutation (one base/word replaced, like a point mutation).
5. "THE BIG FAT CAT CAT CAT CAT CAT ATE THE WET RAT": The word "CAT" is expanded (multiple extra "CAT"s). This matches Expansion Mutation (repeating a segment multiple times, like trinucleotide repeat expansion).
6. "THE BIG RAT": Most of the sentence is deleted (missing "FAT CAT ATE THE WET"). This matches Deletion Mutation (removing a segment, like DNA deletion).

Answer:

1. Analogy sentence: "THE BIG FAT FAT CAT ATE THE WET RAT" → Mutation type: Duplication
2. Analogy sentence: "THE IGF ATC ATA TET HEW ETR AT" → Mutation type: Frameshift Mutation
3. Analogy sentence: "THE BIG ZFA TCA TAT ETH EWE TRA" → Mutation type: Frameshift Mutation
4. Analogy sentence: "THE BIG FAT ZAT ATE THE WET RAT" → Mutation type: Substitution Mutation
5. Analogy sentence: "THE BIG FAT CAT CAT CAT CAT CAT ATE THE WET RAT" → Mutation type: Expansion Mutation
6. Analogy sentence: "THE BIG RAT" → Mutation type: Deletion Mutation