Question

match each limiting factor to the sentence explaining why it is density dependent.
intraspecific competition for
sunlight
predation
disease
interspecific competition for space
limiting factor\twhy it is density dependent
\tas population density increases,
more individuals in an herbivore
population can be found and
eaten by carnivorous animals.
\tas population density increases,
individuals are more likely to fight
for territory with members of
another species.
\tas crowding increases, plants cast
more shadows on one another,
hindering photosynthesis and
reducing the amount of sugar
available for individuals to make
seeds.
\tas crowding increases, deadly
pathogens can be passed more
easily from one individual to
another.

Explanation:

Step 1: Analyze Predation

Predation: The explanation "As population density increases, more individuals in an herbivore population can be found and eaten by carnivorous animals" matches predation. Higher density means more prey available for predators to find, so predation is density - dependent here.

Step 2: Analyze Interspecific Competition for Space

Interspecific competition for space: The explanation "As population density increases, individuals are more likely to fight for territory with members of another species" is about interspecific (between species) competition for space. Higher density leads to more competition between different species for space.

Step 3: Analyze Intraspecific Competition for Sunlight

Intraspecific competition for sunlight: The explanation "As crowding increases, plants cast more shadows on one another, hindering photosynthesis and reducing the amount of sugar available for individuals to make seeds" is about intraspecific (within species) competition among plants for sunlight. More crowding (higher density) leads to more shadow - casting and competition for sunlight.

Step 4: Analyze Disease

Disease: The explanation "As crowding increases, deadly pathogens can be passed more easily from one individual to another" matches disease. Higher density (crowding) makes it easier for diseases to spread from one individual to another.

Answer:

• predation: As population density increases, more individuals in an herbivore population can be found and eaten by carnivorous animals.
• interspecific competition for space: As population density increases, individuals are more likely to fight for territory with members of another species.
• intraspecific competition for sunlight: As crowding increases, plants cast more shadows on one another, hindering photosynthesis and reducing the amount of sugar available for individuals to make seeds.
• disease: As crowding increases, deadly pathogens can be passed more easily from one individual to another.