Question

the maltose molecule can be broken down into two individual glucose molecules with the help of an enzym following changes is most likely to slow down this reaction?
o a adding more maltose molecules
o b increasing the volume of the cell
o c adding more of the enzyme
o d increasing the ph within the cell
question 7 (3 points)
(01_02 mc)
which of the following statements describes ways cellulose and starch are similar to and different from each other?
o a cellulose and starch are used for structural support in animals, but not plants.
o b cellulose and starch are both made up of glucose monomers, and cellulose is used as the primary source of energy in animals.
o c starch and cellulose are both monosaccharides, but starch is used for protection while cellulose is used for transport.
o d starch and cellulose are both polysaccharides, and most animals can break down starch for energy but not cellulose.

Explanation:

• For the first question: Enzymes have an optimal pH range. Increasing the pH (outside the optimal range) can denature the enzyme, reducing its activity and slowing down the reaction. Adding more maltose (substrate) (a) would likely speed up the reaction if enzyme is available. Increasing cell volume (b) has no direct impact on the reaction rate. Adding more enzyme (c) would speed up the reaction (more catalysts).
• For the second question:
• Starch and cellulose are both polysaccharides (complex carbohydrates made of many glucose units).
• Starch is a storage polysaccharide in plants and most animals can break it down (with amylase enzyme) for energy.
• Cellulose is a structural polysaccharide in plant cell walls. Most animals lack the enzyme (cellulase) to break it down.
• Option a is wrong as cellulose is for plant structure, not animal. Option b is wrong as cellulose is not a primary energy source in animals. Option c is wrong as they are polysaccharides, not monosaccharides, and the functions described are incorrect.

Answer:

• First question: d. Increasing the pH within the cell
• Second question: d. Starch and cellulose are both polysaccharides, and most animals can break down starch for energy but not cellulose.