Question

1. label the lock and key (induced fit) model below.
2. for each pair below circle the type of reaction that is represented in the reaction above?

a. dehydration synthesis or hydrolysis
b. anabolic or catabolic
c. degradation or synthesis

1. where in the cell would enzymes be made?
2. label the graph below using the terms: change in free energy, activation energy, enzyme catalyzed activation energy.

Explanation:

• Question 2a: Hydrolysis is a reaction that breaks down molecules by adding water. In the lock - and - key model (induced fit), if a larger molecule is being split into smaller ones (as suggested by the diagram where one complex becomes two separate parts), hydrolysis is likely. Dehydration synthesis builds molecules by removing water.
• Question 2b: Catabolic reactions break down molecules. Since the reaction seems to be a breakdown (as per the visual of a complex splitting), it is catabolic. Anabolic reactions build molecules.
• Question 2c: Degradation is a breakdown process. Synthesis is a building process. Given the splitting in the diagram, degradation is the answer.
• Question 3: Enzymes are proteins. Proteins are synthesized on ribosomes. In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes can be free - floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. In prokaryotic cells, ribosomes are in the cytoplasm.
• Question 4:
• Activation energy (\(A\)): It is the energy barrier that needs to be overcome for a reaction to occur. The higher curve (without enzyme) has a higher peak, which is the activation energy.
• Enzyme - catalyzed activation energy (\(B\)): Enzymes lower the activation energy. The lower curve's peak represents the enzyme - catalyzed activation energy.
• Change in free energy (\(C\)): It is the difference in free energy between the reactants and products.

Answer:

• 2a. Hydrolysis
• 2b. Catabolic
• 2c. Degradation
• 3. Ribosomes (free - floating in cytoplasm or attached to endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes; in cytoplasm in prokaryotes)
• 4. \(A\): Activation energy; \(B\): Enzyme - catalyzed activation energy; \(C\): Change in free energy